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The National Election Commission ((朝鮮語:중앙선거관리위원회); NEC) is the independent electoral branch in South Korea established to manage free and fair elections and national referendums and administrative affairs concerning political parties and funds. The agency was established in accordance with Article 114 of the Constitution of South Korea. The NEC is equal in status with the National Assembly, the executive branch, the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court of Korea. The purpose of its establishment is to fairly manage elections. == Organization == The Election Commission (NEC) has a four-stage organizational structure, consisting of the National Election Commission, 17 Si(metropolitan city)/Do(province) Election Commissions, 250 Gu(district or ward)/Si(city)/Gun(county) Election Commissions and 3,481 Eup/Myeon/Dong(township) Election Commissions. The term of office of the members of the Commission shall be six years. No member of the Commission shall be expelled from office except by impeachment or a sentence of imprisonment without prison labor or heavier punishment. The members of the Commission shall not join political parties, nor shall they participate in political activities. Overseas Election Commission shall be operated for Korean citizens in overseas where embassies and consulate-generals locate, 180 days before and until 30 days after each the presidential election and the National Assembly elections conducted following the termination of office. 1. National Election Commission - Composition The National Election Commission is an independent constitutional agency composed of 9 members. 3 members are appointed by the President, 3 elected by the National Assembly and 3 nominated by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. The Chairperson and the Vice Chairperson are elected from among the Commissioners and as is its custom, the Justice of the Supreme Court is elected to be the Chairperson. The Vice Chairperson of State Minister level is a full-time position unlike the Chairperson and supports the Chairperson as well as oversees the Secretariat as directed by the Chairperson. 6 year term of office is guaranteed by the constitution. The Secretariat, the Internet Election News Deliberation Commission and the Election Debate Broadcasting Commission are the NEC’s affiliated institutions. - Secretariat The Secretariat is composed of the Secretary General of State Minister level and the Deputy Secretary General of Vice Minister level in addition to two offices, twenty five divisions and one training institute. 2. Si/Do Election Commission - Composition Si/Do Election Commissions are composed of the Chairperson, the Vice Chairperson and Commissioners. Each political party that has a negotiating group in the National Assembly recommends one person (who has a voting right and is not a member of any political party) as a Commissioner. Three members including two judges are recommended by the Chief Justice of a Local District Court and another three members are nominated from a pool of scholars and individuals known for high academic and ethical standards. The Chairperson of the Commission is elected from among the members and customarily the Chief Justice of a District Court is elected the Chairperson. The Vice Chairperson is nominated by the National Election Commission and serves full-time. Under each Si/Do Election Commission are a secretariat and the Election Broadcasting Debates Commission. - Secretariat The Secretariat consists of the Vice Chairperson, the Secretary General and Four Divisions. 3. Gu/Si/Gun Election Commission - Composition Gu/Si/Gun Election Commissions are composed of the Chairperson, the Deputy Chairperson and Commissioners. Each Gu/Si/Gun Election Commission currently has two members endorsed by the political parties having a negotiation body in the National Assembly and six members commissioned by the Si/Do Election Commission from among judges, educators or persons known for their high academic and ethical standards. The Chairperson and the Deputy Chairperson are elected from among the Commissioners and as is its custom, the Judge is elected to be the Chairperson. No Commissioner holds a full-time position. The Gu/Si/Gun Election Commission has the Secretariat and the Election Debate Broadcasting Commission within the organization. - Secretariat The Gu/Si/Gun Election Commission that manages the National Assembly constituencies has an Executive Bureau, otherwise, an Executive Division within the organization. An Executive Bureau/Executive Division consists of the fourth grade (fifth grade) Director General of Secretariat and two divisions. 4. Eup/Myeon/Dong Election Commissions - Composition Eup/Myeon/Dong Election Commissions are composed of the Chairperson, the Vice Chairperson and Commissioners. Political parties that can constitute a negotiation body in the National Assembly endorse two members among those who reside in the Eup/Myeon/Dong and have the right to vote for members of the National Assembly but who are not members of any political party. The Gu/Si/Gun Election Commission appoints four members among the persons of learning and high moral repute. The Chairperson and the Vice Chairperson are elected from among the Commissioners. No Commissioner holds a full-time position. - Executive Organs The Eup/Myeon/Dong Election Commission elects secretaries and clerks among local government officials to provide administrative support to the Election Commission. In addition, returning officers selected from among public officials or faculties are assigned to constituencies, where they are required to manage administrative duties pertaining to voting. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Election Commission (South Korea)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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